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March 1, 1991

Academic Freedom and Human Rights Abuses in Africa

The report details a range of human rights violations against the academic community, defined as persons teaching, studying, researching and working at an institution of higher learning.
February 27, 1991

Managed News, Stifled Views

U.S. Freedom of Expression and the War: An Update

On January 28, shortly after the start of the Persian Gulf War, the Fund for Free Expression issued "Freedom of Expression and the War," a report on U.S. Defense Department regulations that impede press coverage in the Gulf, and on other U.S. war-related censorship issues. This newsletter updates that information in light of developments to date.

February 25, 1991

Cuba

Attacks Against Independent Associations March 1990- February 1991

President Fidel Castro's dismissive attitude toward the resolution on Cuban human rights abuses adopted last year by the U.N. Commission on Human Rights (UNCHR) reflects the latest chapter in a continuing and disappointing deterioration in Cuban human rights over the past three years.
February 1, 1991

The Forgotten War

Human Rights Abuses and Violations of the Laws of War Since the Soviet Withdrawal

For the last decade, Afghanistan has been the scene of some of the most serious human rights violations on record. About one half of the country's prewar population are either refugees, internally displaced, or dead. Most of the abuses were at one time attributable to the Afghan government and its Soviet advisers.
January 28, 1991

Freedom of Expression and the War

Press and Speech Restrictions in the Gulf and F.B.I. Activity in U.S. Raise First Amendment Issues

War is the most profound action any government can take, and for that reason the decision to wage and conduct it must be subject to the continuing scrutiny of a well-informed public. In recent U.S.

January 8, 1991

The Killings in South Africa:

The Role of the Security Forces and the Response of the State

In July and August 1990, some seven months after the end of violence was announced, black townships around Johannesburg erupted in warfare. The conflict which has raged in Natal for several years and which recently spread north to the townships near Johannesburg has pitted supporters of the ANC against supporters of the Inkatha movement, which became a political party in July 1990.
January 2, 1991

Egyptian Authorities Clamp Down on Dissent

Middle East Watch is concerned that the Egyptian government is using its emergency law and other measures to stifle emerging domestic dissent against the Gulf War. In a letter to President Hosni Mubarak dated February 11, Middle East Watch said that a recent wave of arrests and administrative detentions, coupled with military court proceedings against journalists, raise "the inevitable suspicion that the Egyptian authorities may be using detention powers under the emergency law to curtail the freedom of expression of those who are raising their voices in dissent against prevailing government policy." Egyptian human rights lawyers estimate that as many as 200 political activists and students may have been detained since a crackdown began on February 7.